Though many people have sent their interest for this transplant, Dr.Canavero says his first preference is for patients who have muscle wasting disease. He seems to get much consent from people who are transsexuals.
Dr.Canavero who requires a major academic medical center to host this endeavor has desire to do this in US. He is set to present his plan to the American Academy of Neurological and Orthopedic Surgeons, at its annual conference in June.
How the procedure would take place
Surgeons would need to cut into the neck and find the major blood vessels and then link them using tiny tubes.Then they would Cut the spinal cord on both bodies. Canavero says the key thing is to sever the spinal cords cleanly with a very fine blade.They would then need to move the recipient’s head onto the donor body and fuse the ends of the spinal cord.
Canavero proposes using a special substance called Polyethylene glycol that can be used to fuse together severed nerves.
After the spinal cords had been connected, the muscles and blood supply would be stitched together and the patient would be put into a medically induced coma for a month which would keep the spinal cord completely still while it healed.Then stimulate the spinal cord with electricity to provide regular electrical stimulation to the spinal cord, which should strengthen new nerve connections.
Following all of these steps, Dr. Canavero believes that the patient would wake up and be able to move and feel their face and be able to walk within a year.
]]> https://a2zmedia.in/health/archives/495/feed 0The increase in the chemicals were present at very early stages of infection, when many other methods would have been unable to detect the parasite in the body of people infected with malaria.
The name malaria originally came from the Italian words for “bad air” as it was thought that malaria was caught from foul smells from the air. But the interesting fact is, the chemical which has been identified now to be present in the breadth of infectious person, foul-smelling compound- albeit, at levels is far too low for humans to smell.
These chemicals have only been detected using very expensive, laboratory based instruments, and only in the breath of volunteers experiencing a controlled malaria infection and the researchers were to test whether the same chemicals can be found in the breath of patients. Also, they were working to develop very specific, sensitive and cheap “biosensors” that could be used in the clinic and the field to test breath for malaria.
]]> https://a2zmedia.in/health/archives/491/feed 0Research by doctors of Hyderabad-based JSPS Government Homeopathic Medical College and Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT) has positively shown that a homeopathic medicine prepared from Rattle snake venom, Crotalus Horridus, can arrest the multiplication of HIV.
The Central Council for Research in Homeopathy (CCRH), a government body under AYUSH, partnering with Global Homeopathy Foundation organised the two-day summit where scientists and practitioners from India and abroad took part. Dr Praveen Kumar, Head of Department of Practice of Medicine at JSPS College says, Transcriptase which is an enzyme utilised by viruses like HIV and Hepatitis-B to convert the viral RNA into viral DNA so that they multiply into billions, is inhibited by the Homeopathic medicine Crotallus Horridus.
]]> https://a2zmedia.in/health/archives/461/feed 0Ronald Evans, director of Salk’s Gene Expression Laboratory said that this was all about getting energy where the heart and muscles needed a surge of energy to carry out exercise and neurons need a surge of energy to form new memories. This research is believed to help in potential treatments in regenerative and developmental medicine and also in treating learning and memory defects.
This single protein responsible for provoding energy to both muscles and brain has been identified as Estrogen-related receptor gamma (ERR). Evans’ research group has previously studied the role of ERR in the heart and skeletal muscles.
The study is published in the journal Cell Metabolism.
]]> https://a2zmedia.in/health/archives/458/feed 0Psychotherapy is a way to treat people with a psychological problem or disease by helping them understand their illness. It teaches people strategies or methods and gives them tools to deal with stress and unhealthy thoughts and behaviours. Psychotherapy alone may be used to treat a person depending on their illness and its severity, for any psychological problem or It can also be combined with medications. Psychotherapists work with an individual or families to devise an appropriate treatment plan and the duration of treatment, based on individual requirement.
Many kinds of psychotherapy exist. some therapies have been scientifically tested more than others. Some people may have a treatment plan that includes only one type of psychotherapy. Others receive treatment that includes elements of several different types. The kind of psychotherapy a person receives depends on his or her needs.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
CBT is based on the idea that we can make permanent changes in the way we behave by shifting our negative patterns of thinking. It is short-term and goal-oriented. The therapist and patient work together to identify the behaviors the patient wants to change and then come up with an action plan to do so.
Cognitive behavior therapy is generally short-term and focused on helping clients deal with a very specific problem. During the course of treatment, people learn how to identify and change destructive or disturbing thought patterns that have a negative influence on behaviour.
People often experience thoughts or feelings that reinforce or compound faulty beliefs. Such beliefs can result in problematic behaviors that can affect numerous life areas, including family, romantic relationships, work, and academics. Due to the negative thinking patterns, the individual might start avoiding social situations or pass up opportunities for advancement at work or at school. In order to combat destructive thoughts and behaviors, a cognitive-behavioral therapist begins by helping the client to identify the problematic beliefs. Because it is important for learning how thoughts, feelings, and situations can contribute to maladaptive behaviors.
The cognitive behavior therapy focuses on the actual behaviors that are contributing to the problem. The client begins to learn and practice new skills that can then be put into use in real-world situations.
CBT is a gradual process that helps a person take incremental steps towards a behavior change
CBT has been used to treat people suffering from a wide range of disorders, including anxiety, phobias, depression, and addiction.
CBT is one of the most researched types of therapy, in part because treatment is focused on highly specific goals and results.
CBT is often best-suited for clients who are comfortable with introspection. Such self-analysis can be difficult, but it is a great way to learn more about how internal states impact outward behavior.
CBT is also well-suited for people looking for a short-term treatment option that does not wish to take medication. One of the greatest benefits of cognitive-behavior therapy is that it helps clients develop coping skills that can be useful both now and in the future.
Dialectical Behavior Therapy
Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), is used to treat people with suicidal thoughts and actions. DBT emphasizes the value of a strong and equal relationship between patient and therapist
In DBT,the therapist assures the patient that the patient’s behavior and feelings are valid and understandable. At the same time, the therapist coaches the patient to understand that it is his or her personal responsibility to change unhealthy or disruptive behavior.
The therapist consistently reminds the patient when his or her behavior is unhealthy or disruptive and also teaches the skills needed to better deal with future similar situations. DBT involves both individual and group therapy. Individual sessions are used to teach new skills, while group sessions provide the opportunity to practice these skills.
Interpersonal Therapy:
Interpersonal therapy (IPT) is most often used on a one-on-one basis to treat depression. IPT helps in,
Psychodynamic therapy: Psychodynamic therapy asserts that a person’s behavior is affected by his or her unconscious mind and past experiences. Psychodynamic therapy helps people gain greater self-awareness and understanding about their own actions. It helps patients identify and explore how their non-conscious emotions and motivations can influence their behavior. Sometimes ideas from psychodynamic therapy are interwoven with other types of therapy, like CBT or IPT, to treat various types of mental disorders.
Expressive or creative arts therapy: Expressive or creative arts therapy is based on the idea that people can help heal themselves through art, music, dance, writing, or other expressive acts. It also helps college students at risk for depression.
Play therapy: This therapy is used with children. It involves the use of toys and games to help a child identify and talk about his or her feelings, as well as establish communication with a therapist. A therapist can sometimes better understand a child’s problems by watching or listening to parents about how he or she plays.
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The term cerebral palsy refers to any one of a number of neurological disorders that appear in infancy or early childhood. It is caused by abnormalities in parts of the brain that control muscle movements.
CAUSES
The majority of children with cerebral palsy are born with it, although it may not be detected until months or years later. The early signs of cerebral palsy usually appear before a child reaches 3 years of age. It may also be caused as the result of brain damage in the first few months or years of life, brain infections such as bacterial meningitis or viral encephalitis, or head injury from a motor vehicle accident, a fall, or child abuse.
TYPES
SYMPTOMS
TREATMENT
Cerebral palsy cannot be cured, but treatment will often improve a child’s capabilities. In general, the earlier treatment gives better chance for the child to overcome developmental disabilities and in learning new ways to accomplish the tasks that challenge them. Treatment includes
Arthritis affects the musculoskeletal system, specifically the joints. Arthritis is not a single disease – it is a term that covers over 100 medical conditions. Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis and generally affects elderly patients. Some forms of arthritis can affect people at a very early age.
Causes
Basically, a joint is where one bone moves on another bone. Ligaments hold the two bones together. The ligaments are like elastic bands, while they keep the bones in place your muscles relax or contract to make the joint move.
Cartilage covers the bone surface to stop the two bones from rubbing directly against each other. The covering of cartilage allows the joint to work smoothly and painlessly.
A capsule surrounds the joint. The space within the joint – the joint cavity – has synovial fluid. Synovial fluid nourishes the joint and the cartilage. The synovial fluid is produced by the synovium (synovial membrane) which lines the joint cavity.
Arthritis results when the cartilage is wearing away, a lack of synovial fluid, autoimmunity (your body attacking itself), infection, or a combination of many factors.
Types of arthritis
There are over 100 types of arthritis. Here is a description of some common ones, together with the causes:
1. Pauciarticular JRA, the most common and mildest. The child experiences pain in up to 4 joints.
2. Polyarticular JRA affects more joints and is more severe. As time goes by it tends to get worse.
3. Systemic JRA is the least common. Pain is experienced in many joints. It can spread to organs. This can be the most serious JRA.
The signs and symptoms of arthritis
The symptoms of arthritis depend on the type of arthritis, for example:
TREATMENT
Physical therapy and occupational therapy for arthritis
Physical therapy and occupational therapy help maintain joint mobility and range of motion. How much therapy you need, and what kind of therapy will depend on many factors, such as the severity and type of arthritis you have, your age, and your general state of health.
People with arthritis will often avoid moving the affected joint because of the pain. A physical therapist can help the patient work out the joint stiffness without damaging it. In order to perform your daily activity the physical therapist will help you achieve a good range of motion. This may involve building strength in the muscles that surround the affected joint – stronger muscles help stabilize a weakened joint. You will also be taught the best way to move from one position to another, as well as learning how to use such walking aids as crutches, a cane or a walker, if you need one.
Occupational therapy can teach you how to reduce the strain on your joints as you go about your daily activities. The occupational therapist can help you modify your home and workplace so that your movements do not aggravate your arthritis. You may need a splint for your hands or wrists, as well as aids for dressing, housekeeping, work activities, driving and washing/bathing yourself.
An occupational and/or physical therapist can make an enormous difference to your quality of life if you suffer from arthritis. You will learn how and when to rest – rest is crucial for treating inflammation and pain, especially when many joints are affected and you feel tired.
Local pain can be relieved with ice packs or heating pads. Ultrasound and hot packs provide deep heat which relieves localized pain and relaxes muscle spasm around the affected joint. You may find that a warm bath/shower makes it easier for you to exercise afterwards.
Physical activity can improve arthritis symptoms – doctors warn that inactivity could harm the health of most patients with arthritis or some kind of rheumatic disease. Inactivity raises the risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes type 2. Muscles become weaker with no exercise, joints become stiffer, and the patient’s tolerance for pain decreases. Balance problems may also become worse.
Medications for arthritis
Diet and bodyweight impact on arthritis
Eating a well-balanced diet is vital when you have arthritis.Not only will you be receiving critical nutrients, you will also be either maintaining or arriving more quickly at a healthy bodyweight. If you are overweight you will be adding extra pressure on weight-bearing joints. Many patients have found that losing just a few pounds made a significant difference to their quality of life.
You should make sure you are eating plenty of fruit and vegetables, as well as whole grains. Omega-3 essential fatty acids are thought to relieve to some extent the symptoms of arthritis. A common source of Omega-3 fatty acids is oily fish, such as sardines, herring, trout, and salmon.
Abdominal pain is a pain felt anywhere from your ribs to your pelvis. Stomach-ache at one time or another is quiet common. But sudden severe abdominal pain, also called acute pain, shouldn’t be ignored. It often indicates a serious problem.
Causes
Symptoms
When should you visit a doctor
When should you seek immediate medical help
Common tests used to evaluate abdominal pain
Treatment
Pain relief – pain killers may ease the pain
Medicines – medication for inflammations, GERD, Ulcers and Antibiotics for infections.
Surgery – In some cases, such as appendicitis and a hernia, surgery is necessary.
Fluids – fluids through veins to correct fluid loss and to rest the bowels may be needed.
Diet – to avoid certain food and to take bland and easily digestible food may be recommended.
வயிற்றுவலி என்பது எல்லோருக்கும் எப்போதாவது ஒரு முறை தோன்றும் வலிதான். மார்பெலுப்புகளுக்கு கீழ்புறமாக அடிவயிறு வரையில் தோன்றும் இவ்வலி குறைந்த நேரம் இருந்து மறைவது இயற்கையான ஒன்றுதான். ஆனால் இந்த வலி திடீரென்று அதீதமாக தோன்றினாலோ, நீடித்து நிலைத்து இருந்தாலோ, வேறு சில அறிகுறிகளுடன் தொடர்ந்து இருந்தாலோ உடனடியாக மருத்துவ உதவியை நாட வேண்டி இருக்கும்.
காரணங்கள்:
அறிகுறிகள்
எப்பொழுது மருத்துவரை காண வேண்டும்
எப்பொமுது அவசர மருத்துவ உதவி தேவை
வயிற்று வலிக்கான பரிசோதனைகள்
சிகிச்சைகள்
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Definition:
Abortion is the expulsion or extraction from its mother of an embryo or fetus weighing 500gms (5month) or loss when it is capable of independent survival (WHO). Abortion refers to the termination of pregnancy. Abortion can be spontaneous or purposefully done. Spontaneous abortions are referred to as ‘miscarriage’ while surgical abortions are done to remove dead or growth-inhibited or otherwise unwanted fetus from the womb of the pregnant mother.
Causes of abortion
1.50% chromosomal abnormalities(Genetic)
2.Endocrine Disorders (Luteal phase Defect, Thyroid & prolactin abnormalities and diabetes)
3.Immunological Disorders(Anti phosphor lipid Anti body Syndrome
4. Infections.
5. Uterine anomalies 15 to 25%
6. Fibroid
7. Cervical incompetence
8. TORCH infections
9. UTI
10. Anti phospho lipid antibody syndrome
Test
Ultrasound scan is done to know the cause of bleeding and viability (fetal heart beat) of body.
Treatment
To stop of bleeding, bad rest, further tests and positive mindset are important. Strong will and determination play a vital role in quick recovery as fear and anxiety can be detrimental.
Recurrent Early pregnancy loss (REPL)
Recurrent Early pregnancy loss is a frustrating and heart wrenching experience for expecting mother, her family and the doctor. Most of the pregnancy losses are unrecognized and occur before or during of a few days later of the expected periods.
The causes can be:
1)Genetic
2)Immunologic
3)Endocrine
4)Environmental
5)Infections
6)Unexplained.
For practical understanding of the causes, we say.
1.There is defective embryo due to defect in sperm, egg formation
2.The atmosphere is not congenial for growth of the embryo & this includes all other causes.
கருச்சிதைவு அல்லது கருக்கலைப்பு என்பது தாயின் கருப்பையிலிருக்கும் கரு அல்லது 500 கிராம் எடையுடைய சிசு, உயிருடன் இருக்க முடியாமல் தானாய் வெளியேறுவதோ அல்லது வெளியேற்றப்படுவதோ ஆகும்.
கர்ப்பம் முடிவடைவதையே குறிக்கும் கருச்சிதைவு தானாகவும் நடக்கலாம், வேண்டுமென்றும் நிகழ்த்தப்படலாம். தானாய் நிகழும் கருச்சிதைவு குறைப்பிரசவம் என்றும் சிசு வயிற்றிலேயே இறந்து விட்டாலோ, குறையுடன் இருந்தாலோ, வளர்ச்சி நின்றுவிட்டிருந்தாலோ அல்லது வேண்டாத கர்ப்பமாக இருந்தாலோ கருகலைப்பு மருத்துவரால் நிகழ்த்தப்படுகிறது.
காரணங்கள்
பரிசோதனைகள்
அல்ட்ரா சவுன்ட் ஸ்கேன் ரத்தப்போக்கு மற்றும் சிசுவின் பிரச்சனை (இதயத்துடிப்பு) போன்றவற்றிற்கான காரணத்தை கண்டறிய உதவும்.
சிகிச்சை
தொடர் கருச்சிதைவு(REPL)
தொடர் கருச்சிதைவு கருவுற்ற பெண்ணிற்கும், குடும்பத்தாருக்கும் மருத்துவருக்கும் மனம் தளரச் செய்யும் ஒரு நிகழ்வாகும்: இம்மாதிரி தொடர் கருச்சிதைவுகள் கருவுற்ற உடனேயே ஏற்படக்கூடியதாகவே பெரும்பாலும் இருக்கும்.
இதற்கான காரணங்கள்
மேற்கூரிய காரணங்களால் விந்தணு மற்றும் கருமுட்டை உற்பத்தியில் பிரச்சனை ஏற்பட்டு கருவின் தரம் சரியில்லாமல் போவதால் கருச்சிதைவு ஏற்படுகிறது.