Though many people have sent their interest for this transplant, Dr.Canavero says his first preference is for patients who have muscle wasting disease. He seems to get much consent from people who are transsexuals.

Dr.Canavero who requires a major academic medical center to host this endeavor has desire to do this in US. He is set to present his plan to the American Academy of Neurological and Orthopedic Surgeons, at its annual conference in June.

Surgeons would need to cut into the neck and find the major blood vessels and then link them using tiny tubes.Then they would Cut the spinal cord on both bodies. Canavero says the key thing is to sever the spinal cords cleanly with a very fine blade.They would then need to move the recipient’s head onto the donor body and fuse the ends of the spinal cord.

Canavero proposes using a special substance called Polyethylene glycol that can be used to fuse together severed nerves.

After the spinal cords had been connected, the muscles and blood supply would be stitched together and the patient would be put into a medically induced coma for a month which would keep the spinal cord completely still while it healed.Then stimulate the spinal cord with electricity to provide regular electrical stimulation to the spinal cord, which should strengthen new nerve connections.

Following all of these steps, Dr. Canavero believes that the patient would wake up and be able to move and feel their face and be able to walk within a year.

The increase in the chemicals were present at very early stages of infection, when many other methods would have been unable to detect the parasite in the body of people infected with malaria.

The name malaria originally came from the Italian words for “bad air” as it was thought that malaria was caught from foul smells from the air. But the interesting fact is, the chemical which has been identified now to be present in the breadth of infectious person, foul-smelling compound- albeit, at levels is far too low for humans to smell.

These chemicals have only been detected using very expensive, laboratory based instruments, and only in the breath of volunteers experiencing a controlled malaria infection and the researchers were to test whether the same chemicals can be found in the breath of patients. Also, they were working to develop very specific, sensitive and cheap “biosensors” that could be used in the clinic and the field to test breath for malaria.

Research by doctors of Hyderabad-based JSPS Government Homeopathic Medical College and Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT) has positively shown that a homeopathic medicine prepared from Rattle snake venom, Crotalus Horridus, can arrest the multiplication of HIV.

The Central Council for Research in Homeopathy (CCRH), a government body under AYUSH, partnering with Global Homeopathy Foundation organised the two-day summit where scientists and practitioners from India and abroad took part. Dr Praveen Kumar, Head of Department of Practice of Medicine at JSPS College says, Transcriptase which is an enzyme utilised by viruses like HIV and Hepatitis-B to convert the viral RNA into viral DNA so that they multiply into billions, is inhibited by the Homeopathic medicine Crotallus Horridus.

Ronald Evans, director of Salk’s Gene Expression Laboratory said that this was all about getting energy where the heart and muscles needed a surge of energy to carry out exercise and neurons need a surge of energy to form new memories. This research is believed to help in potential treatments in regenerative and developmental medicine and also in treating learning and memory defects.

This single protein responsible for provoding energy to both muscles and brain has been identified as Estrogen-related receptor gamma (ERR). Evans’ research group has previously studied the role of ERR in the heart and skeletal muscles.

Psychotherapy is a way to treat people with a psychological problem or disease by helping them understand their illness. It teaches people strategies or methods and gives them tools to deal with stress and unhealthy thoughts and behaviours. Psychotherapy alone may be used to treat a person depending on their illness and its severity, for any psychological problem or It can also be combined with medications. Psychotherapists work with an individual or families to devise an appropriate treatment plan and the duration of treatment, based on individual requirement.

Types of psychotherapy

Many kinds of psychotherapy exist. some therapies have been scientifically tested more than others. Some people may have a treatment plan that includes only one type of psychotherapy. Others receive treatment that includes elements of several different types. The kind of psychotherapy a person receives depends on his or her needs.

CBT is based on the idea that we can make permanent changes in the way we behave by shifting our negative patterns of thinking. It is short-term and goal-oriented. The therapist and patient work together to identify the behaviors the patient wants to change and then come up with an action plan to do so.

Cognitive behavior therapy is generally short-term and focused on helping clients deal with a very specific problem. During the course of treatment, people learn how to identify and change destructive or disturbing thought patterns that have a negative influence on behaviour.

People often experience thoughts or feelings that reinforce or compound faulty beliefs. Such beliefs can result in problematic behaviors that can affect numerous life areas, including family, romantic relationships, work, and academics. Due to the negative thinking patterns, the individual might start avoiding social situations or pass up opportunities for advancement at work or at school. In order to combat destructive thoughts and behaviors, a cognitive-behavioral therapist begins by helping the client to identify the problematic beliefs. Because it is important for learning how thoughts, feelings, and situations can contribute to maladaptive behaviors.

The cognitive behavior therapy focuses on the actual behaviors that are contributing to the problem. The client begins to learn and practice new skills that can then be put into use in real-world situations.

CBT is a gradual process that helps a person take incremental steps towards a behavior change

CBT has been used to treat people suffering from a wide range of disorders, including anxiety, phobias, depression, and addiction.

CBT is one of the most researched types of therapy, in part because treatment is focused on highly specific goals and results.

CBT is often best-suited for clients who are comfortable with introspection. Such self-analysis can be difficult, but it is a great way to learn more about how internal states impact outward behavior.

CBT is also well-suited for people looking for a short-term treatment option that does not wish to take medication. One of the greatest benefits of cognitive-behavior therapy is that it helps clients develop coping skills that can be useful both now and in the future.

Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), is used to treat people with suicidal thoughts and actions. DBT emphasizes the value of a strong and equal relationship between patient and therapist

In DBT,the therapist assures the patient that the patient’s behavior and feelings are valid and understandable. At the same time, the therapist coaches the patient to understand that it is his or her personal responsibility to change unhealthy or disruptive behavior.

The therapist consistently reminds the patient when his or her behavior is unhealthy or disruptive and also teaches the skills needed to better deal with future similar situations. DBT involves both individual and group therapy. Individual sessions are used to teach new skills, while group sessions provide the opportunity to practice these skills.

Interpersonal therapy (IPT) is most often used on a one-on-one basis to treat depression. IPT helps in,

Psychodynamic therapy: Psychodynamic therapy asserts that a person’s behavior is affected by his or her unconscious mind and past experiences. Psychodynamic therapy helps people gain greater self-awareness and understanding about their own actions. It helps patients identify and explore how their non-conscious emotions and motivations can influence their behavior. Sometimes ideas from psychodynamic therapy are interwoven with other types of therapy, like CBT or IPT, to treat various types of mental disorders.

Expressive or creative arts therapy: Expressive or creative arts therapy is based on the idea that people can help heal themselves through art, music, dance, writing, or other expressive acts. It also helps college students at risk for depression.

Play therapy: This therapy is used with children. It involves the use of toys and games to help a child identify and talk about his or her feelings, as well as establish communication with a therapist. A therapist can sometimes better understand a child’s problems by watching or listening to parents about how he or she plays.

The term cerebral palsy refers to any one of a number of neurological disorders that appear in infancy or early childhood. It is caused by abnormalities in parts of the brain that control muscle movements.

The majority of children with cerebral palsy are born with it, although it may not be detected until months or years later. The early signs of cerebral palsy usually appear before a child reaches 3 years of age. It may also be caused as the result of brain damage in the first few months or years of life, brain infections such as bacterial meningitis or viral encephalitis, or head injury from a motor vehicle accident, a fall, or child abuse.

Cerebral palsy cannot be cured, but treatment will often improve a child’s capabilities. In general, the earlier treatment gives better chance for the child to overcome developmental disabilities and in learning new ways to accomplish the tasks that challenge them. Treatment includes

English
TAMIL

Arthritis affects the musculoskeletal system, specifically the joints. Arthritis is not a single disease – it is a term that covers over 100 medical conditions. Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis and generally affects elderly patients. Some forms of arthritis can affect people at a very early age.

Causes

Basically, a joint is where one bone moves on another bone. Ligaments hold the two bones together. The ligaments are like elastic bands, while they keep the bones in place your muscles relax or contract to make the joint move.

Cartilage covers the bone surface to stop the two bones from rubbing directly against each other. The covering of cartilage allows the joint to work smoothly and painlessly.

A capsule surrounds the joint. The space within the joint – the joint cavity – has synovial fluid. Synovial fluid nourishes the joint and the cartilage. The synovial fluid is produced by the synovium (synovial membrane) which lines the joint cavity.

Arthritis results when the cartilage is wearing away, a lack of synovial fluid, autoimmunity (your body attacking itself), infection, or a combination of many factors.
Types of arthritis

There are over 100 types of arthritis. Here is a description of some common ones, together with the causes:

Osteoarthritis– Cartilage loses its elasticity. If the cartilage is stiff it becomes damaged more easily. The cartilage, which acts as a shock absorber, will gradually wear away in some areas. As the cartilage becomes damaged tendons and ligaments become stretched, causing pain. Eventually the bones may rub against each other causing very severe pain.
Rheumatoid arthritis- This is an inflammatory form of arthritis. The synovial membrane (synovium) is attacked, resulting in swelling and pain. If left untreated the arthritis can lead to deformity. Rheumatoid Arthritis is significantly more common in women than men and generally strikes when the patient is aged between 40 and 60. However, children and much older people may also be affected.

Infectious arthritis (septic arthritic)– An infection in the synovial fluid and tissues of a joint. It is usually caused by bacteria, but could also be caused by fungi or viruses. Bacteria, fungi or viruses may spread through the bloodstream from infected tissue nearby, and infect a joint. Most susceptible people are those who already have some form of arthritis and develop an infection that travels in the bloodstream.
Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA)– means arthritis that affects a person aged 16 or less. JRA can be various forms of arthritis; it basically means that a child has it. There are three main types:

1. Pauciarticular JRA, the most common and mildest. The child experiences pain in up to 4 joints.
2. Polyarticular JRA affects more joints and is more severe. As time goes by it tends to get worse.
3. Systemic JRA is the least common. Pain is experienced in many joints. It can spread to organs. This can be the most serious JRA.

The signs and symptoms of arthritis

The symptoms of arthritis depend on the type of arthritis, for example:

Osteoarthritis- The symptoms develop slowly and get worse as time goes by. There is pain in a joint, either during or after use, or after a period of inactivity. There will be tenderness when pressure is applied to the joint. The joint will be stiff, especially first thing in the morning. The patient may find it harder to use the joint – it loses its flexibility. Some patients experience a grating sensation when they use the joint. Hard lumps, or bone spurs may appear around the joint. In some cases the joint might swell. The most common affected joints are in the hips, hands, knees and spine.

Rheumatoid arthritis- The patient often finds the same joints in each side of the body are painfully swollen, inflamed, and stiff. The fingers, arms, legs and wrists are most commonly affected. Symptoms are usually worst on waking up in the morning and the stiffness can last for 30 minutes at this time. The joint is tender when touched. Hands may be red and puffy. There may be rheumatoid nodules (bumps of tissue under the skin of the patient’s arms). Many patients with rheumatoid arthritis feel tired most of the time. Weight loss is common.The smaller joints are usually noticeably affected first. Experts say patients with rheumatoid arthritis have problems with several joints at the same time. As the arthritis progresses it spreads from the smaller joints in your hands, wrists, ankles and feet to your elbows, knees, hips, neck, shoulders and jaw.

Infectious arthritis– The patient has a fever, joint inflammation and swelling. He will feel tenderness and/or a sharp pain. Often these symptoms are linked to an injury or another illness. Most commonly affected areas are the knee, shoulder, elbow, wrist and finger. In the majority of cases, just one joint is affected.

Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis- The patient is a child. He will experience intermittent fevers which tend to peak in the evening and then suddenly disappear. His appetite will be poor and he will lose weight. There may be blotchy rashes on his arms and legs. Anemia is also common. The child may limp or have a sore wrist, finger, or knee. A joint may suddenly swell and stay larger than it usually is. The child may experience a stiff neck, hips or some other joint.

TREATMENT

Physical therapy and occupational therapy for arthritis

Physical therapy and occupational therapy help maintain joint mobility and range of motion. How much therapy you need, and what kind of therapy will depend on many factors, such as the severity and type of arthritis you have, your age, and your general state of health.

People with arthritis will often avoid moving the affected joint because of the pain. A physical therapist can help the patient work out the joint stiffness without damaging it. In order to perform your daily activity the physical therapist will help you achieve a good range of motion. This may involve building strength in the muscles that surround the affected joint – stronger muscles help stabilize a weakened joint. You will also be taught the best way to move from one position to another, as well as learning how to use such walking aids as crutches, a cane or a walker, if you need one.

Occupational therapy can teach you how to reduce the strain on your joints as you go about your daily activities. The occupational therapist can help you modify your home and workplace so that your movements do not aggravate your arthritis. You may need a splint for your hands or wrists, as well as aids for dressing, housekeeping, work activities, driving and washing/bathing yourself.

An occupational and/or physical therapist can make an enormous difference to your quality of life if you suffer from arthritis. You will learn how and when to rest – rest is crucial for treating inflammation and pain, especially when many joints are affected and you feel tired.

Local pain can be relieved with ice packs or heating pads. Ultrasound and hot packs provide deep heat which relieves localized pain and relaxes muscle spasm around the affected joint. You may find that a warm bath/shower makes it easier for you to exercise afterwards.

Physical activity can improve arthritis symptoms – doctors warn that inactivity could harm the health of most patients with arthritis or some kind of rheumatic disease. Inactivity raises the risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes type 2. Muscles become weaker with no exercise, joints become stiffer, and the patient’s tolerance for pain decreases. Balance problems may also become worse.

Medications for arthritis

NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) are the most commonly prescribed drugs for arthritis patients. At a higher dose – NSAIDs also help reduce joint inflammation. There are three main types of NSAIDs and they all work by blocking prostaglandins – hormone-like substances that trigger pain, inflammation, muscle cramps and fever.
Salicylates – includes Aspirin which continues to be the preferred medication of many doctors and patients. Patients need to consult their doctor if they plan to take aspirin more than just occasionally. Long term high dosage usage of aspirin carries with it a significant risk of serious undesirable side effects, such as kidney problems and gastrointestinal bleeding. For effective control of arthritis pain and inflammation frequent large doses are needed.
Glucocorticoidsare anti-inflammatory steroids and are very effective at combating inflammation and can be extremely helpful when used properly. The patient needs to consider the potential for undesirable side-effects with this type of drug.

Anti-malarials, such as hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine are commonly used for treating mild inflammatory arthritis.

Minocycline- an antibiotic that is sometimes used as antibiotic therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. Its use is controversial.

Sulfasalazine- commonly used for many types of inflammatory arthritis. Sulfasalazine is a sulfa derivative.

Methotrexate- works by blocking the metabolism of rapidly dividing cells. It is commonly used for treating more serious types of inflammatory arthritis.

Azathioprine- used for severe forms of inflammatory arthritis. Azathioprine also blocks the metabolism of rapidly dividing cells.

Gout medications- some physicians may use gout medications to treat some forms of arthritis.
Leflunomide- used to treat rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis. It also blocks cell metabolism.

Cyclosporine- an immunosuppressant drug – it makes your immune system less aggressive.Cyclosporine is usually used in combination with methotrexate for arthritis patients.

Diet and bodyweight impact on arthritis

Eating a well-balanced diet is vital when you have arthritis.Not only will you be receiving critical nutrients, you will also be either maintaining or arriving more quickly at a healthy bodyweight. If you are overweight you will be adding extra pressure on weight-bearing joints. Many patients have found that losing just a few pounds made a significant difference to their quality of life.

You should make sure you are eating plenty of fruit and vegetables, as well as whole grains. Omega-3 essential fatty acids are thought to relieve to some extent the symptoms of arthritis. A common source of Omega-3 fatty acids is oily fish, such as sardines, herring, trout, and salmon.

Help maintain normal joint movement
Increase muscle flexibility and strength
Help maintain weight to reduce pressure on joints
Help keep bone and cartilage tissue strong and healthy
Improve endurance and cardiovascular fitness

ஆர்த்ரைட்டிஸ் அல்லது மூட்டு வலி அல்லது மூட்டு அழர்சி என்பது எலும்பு மண்டலத்தை சேர்ந்த தசைகளை பாதிக்கும் ஒரு நோயாகும்.

பொதுவாக மூட்டு வலி என்பது ஒரே ஒரு நோயல்ல. இது 100 மருத்துவ பிரச்சனைகளை உள்ளடகிய ஒன்றாகும்.

English
தமிழ்

Abdominal pain

Abdominal pain is a pain felt anywhere from your ribs to your pelvis. Stomach-ache at one time or another is quiet common. But sudden severe abdominal pain, also called acute pain, shouldn’t be ignored. It often indicates a serious problem.

Causes

Appendicitis
Constipation
Endometriosis
Food poisoning
Food allergies
Gas
Ulcers
Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
Hernia
Gallstones
Kidney stones (renal colic)
Urinary tract infection (UTI)
Gastro esophageal reflux disease (GERD)
Menstrual cramp

Symptoms

When should you visit a doctor

Fever
Theabdomen is tender to the touch
The pain is the result of an injury to the abdomen
The pain lasts for several days
Inability to keep food down for several days
Inability to pass stool, especially if you are also
Painful or frequent urination

When should you seek immediate medical help

Vomitblood
Have bloody stools
Have pain occurring during pregnancy( it could be ectopic(tubal) pregnancy)
Have difficulty in breathing

Common tests used to evaluate abdominal pain

A pregnancy test may be done in women to rule out ectopic pregnancy
Complete blood counts, liver and pancreatic enzyme estimation and urine analysis
Radiological tests like plain x-ray, ultrasound, CT scan, MRI and barium x-ray
Endoscopic procedures like esophagogastroduodenoscopy, colonoscopy, flexible sigmoidoscopy and balloon enteroscopy

Treatment

Pain relief – pain killers may ease the pain

Medicines – medication for inflammations, GERD, Ulcers and Antibiotics for infections.

Surgery – In some cases, such as appendicitis and a hernia, surgery is necessary.

Fluids – fluids through veins to correct fluid loss and to rest the bowels may be needed.

Diet – to avoid certain food and to take bland and easily digestible food may be recommended.

வயிற்று வலி

வயிற்றுவலி என்பது எல்லோருக்கும் எப்போதாவது ஒரு முறை தோன்றும் வலிதான். மார்பெலுப்புகளுக்கு கீழ்புறமாக அடிவயிறு வரையில் தோன்றும் இவ்வலி குறைந்த நேரம் இருந்து மறைவது இயற்கையான ஒன்றுதான். ஆனால் இந்த வலி திடீரென்று அதீதமாக தோன்றினாலோ, நீடித்து நிலைத்து இருந்தாலோ, வேறு சில அறிகுறிகளுடன் தொடர்ந்து இருந்தாலோ உடனடியாக மருத்துவ உதவியை நாட வேண்டி இருக்கும்.

காரணங்கள்:

குடல்-வால் அடைப்பு (அபென்டிசைட்டிஸ்)
மலச்சிக்கல்
கருப்பை சுவர்களின் தடிப்பு (என்டோமெட்ரியோசிஸ்)
உணவில் நச்சு
உணவு ஒவ்வாமை
வாயுக்கோளாறு
வயிற்றுப் புண்
அடிவயிற்று அழற்சி நோய் (PID)
குடல் இறக்கம்
பித்தப்பை கல்
சிறுநீரக கல்
சிறுநீர்தாரை தொற்று
உணவுக்குழாய் எதுக்களிப்பு நோய் (GERD)
மாத விடாய் வலி

அறிகுறிகள்

எப்பொழுது மருத்துவரை காண வேண்டும்

ஜீரம்
வயிற்றை தொட்டால் வலி
வயிற்றில் காயம்
வலி நீடித்து இருத்தல்
உணவு வயிற்றில் தங்காமை
மலம் கழிக்க முடியாமை, கழிக்கும் எண்ணம் இருந்தும்
வலியுடன் அடிக்கடி சிறுநீர் கழித்தல்

எப்பொமுது அவசர மருத்துவ உதவி தேவை

ரத்த வாந்தி
மலம் கழிக்கையில் ரத்தப்போக்கு
கர்ப்ப காலத்தில் வலி (கருக்குழாயில் கரு தங்கியிருந்தால்)
ழூச்சு விட சிரமம்.

வயிற்று வலிக்கான பரிசோதனைகள்

கர்ப்பிணிகளுக்கான கருப்பை பரிசோதனை
முழுடையான ரத்த பரிசோதனை, கல்லிரல் மற்றும் கணைய சுரப்புகளுக்கான பரிசோதனை
சிறுநீர் பரிசோதனை
எக்ஸ்-ரே, அல்ட்ராசவுன்ட், சிடி ஸ்கேன், எம்ஆர்ஐ மற்றும் பேரியம் எக்ஸ்-ரே
என்டோஸ்கோபி பரிசோதனைகளான ஈசோஃபேகோட்கேஸ்ட்ரோட்யோடினோஸ்கோபி (உணவுக்குழாய், வயிறு மற்றும் சிறுகுடல்) கொலளோஸ்கோபி (மலக்குடல்) சிக்மாய்டோஸ்கோபி (பெருங்குடல்) மற்றும் பலூன் என்ட்டரோஸ்கோபி போன்றவைகள் அறிகுறிகளுக்கேற்ப தேவைப்படும்.

சிகிச்சைகள்

வலி நிவாரணிகள்-வலி குறைய
மருந்துகள்- அழற்சி, உணவுக்குழாய் எதுக்களிப்பு, வயிறு மற்றும் குடல் புண் போன்றவைகளுக்கான மருந்துகள். தொற்றுக்கான ஆன்ட்டிபயாடிக்
அறுவை சிகிச்சை- குடல்-வால் அழற்சி மற்றும் குடல் இறக்கம் போன்றவைகளுக்கு அறுவை சிகிச்சை தேவைப்படும்.
திரவ உணவு- ஊசி ழூலம் ரத்தத்தில் திரவங்கள் (குளுகோல் உப்புச்சத்து) ஏற்றப்பட்டு உணவுப்பாதைக்கு ஓய்வு அளிக்கப்படலாம்.
உணவு- சில வகை உணவுகள் தவிர்க்கப்பட வேண்டும். மென்மையான சுலபமாய் ஜீரணமாகக்கூடிய உணவுகள் பரித்துரைக்கப்படும்.

English
தமிழ்

Definition:

Abortion is the expulsion or extraction from its mother of an embryo or fetus weighing 500gms (5month) or loss when it is capable of independent survival (WHO). Abortion refers to the termination of pregnancy. Abortion can be spontaneous or purposefully done. Spontaneous abortions are referred to as ‘miscarriage’ while surgical abortions are done to remove dead or growth-inhibited or otherwise unwanted fetus from the womb of the pregnant mother.

Causes of abortion

1.50% chromosomal abnormalities(Genetic)
2.Endocrine Disorders (Luteal phase Defect, Thyroid & prolactin abnormalities and diabetes)
3.Immunological Disorders(Anti phosphor lipid Anti body Syndrome
4. Infections.
5. Uterine anomalies 15 to 25%
6. Fibroid
7. Cervical incompetence
8. TORCH infections
9. UTI
10. Anti phospho lipid antibody syndrome

Test
Ultrasound scan is done to know the cause of bleeding and viability (fetal heart beat) of body.

Treatment

To stop of bleeding, bad rest, further tests and positive mindset are important. Strong will and determination play a vital role in quick recovery as fear and anxiety can be detrimental.

Recurrent Early pregnancy loss (REPL)

Recurrent Early pregnancy loss is a frustrating and heart wrenching experience for expecting mother, her family and the doctor. Most of the pregnancy losses are unrecognized and occur before or during of a few days later of the expected periods.

The causes can be:

1)Genetic

2)Immunologic

3)Endocrine

4)Environmental

5)Infections

6)Unexplained.

For practical understanding of the causes, we say.

1.There is defective embryo due to defect in sperm, egg formation

2.The atmosphere is not congenial for growth of the embryo & this includes all other causes.

கருச்சிதைவு

கருச்சிதைவு அல்லது கருக்கலைப்பு என்பது தாயின் கருப்பையிலிருக்கும் கரு அல்லது 500 கிராம் எடையுடைய சிசு, உயிருடன் இருக்க முடியாமல் தானாய் வெளியேறுவதோ அல்லது வெளியேற்றப்படுவதோ ஆகும்.

கர்ப்பம் முடிவடைவதையே குறிக்கும் கருச்சிதைவு தானாகவும் நடக்கலாம், வேண்டுமென்றும் நிகழ்த்தப்படலாம். தானாய் நிகழும் கருச்சிதைவு குறைப்பிரசவம் என்றும் சிசு வயிற்றிலேயே இறந்து விட்டாலோ, குறையுடன் இருந்தாலோ, வளர்ச்சி நின்றுவிட்டிருந்தாலோ அல்லது வேண்டாத கர்ப்பமாக இருந்தாலோ கருகலைப்பு மருத்துவரால் நிகழ்த்தப்படுகிறது.

காரணங்கள்

50% மரபணு கோளாறினால் ஏற்படுகிறது (க்ரோமோசோம் பாதிப்பு)
நாளமில்லா சுரப்பிகளின் கோளாறு (தைராய்ட், ப்ரோலேக்டின் கோளாறு மற்றும் நீரிழிவு)
எதிர்பாற்றல் கோளாறு
தொற்று நோய்கள்(கிறுமி)
கருப்பை கோளாறுகள்(15-25% காரணம்)
கருப்பை நார்கட்டிகள்
கருப்பை வாய் செயல்பாட்டில் பிரச்சனை
டார்ச் தொற்றுக்கள் (TORCH)
சிறுநீர் தாரை தொற்று
ஆன்ட்டி பாஸ்போலிபிட் ஆன்ட்டிபாடி சின்ட்ரோம்

பரிசோதனைகள்

அல்ட்ரா சவுன்ட் ஸ்கேன் ரத்தப்போக்கு மற்றும் சிசுவின் பிரச்சனை (இதயத்துடிப்பு) போன்றவற்றிற்கான காரணத்தை கண்டறிய உதவும்.

சிகிச்சை

ரத்தப்போக்கு நிறுத்தப்பட வேண்டும்
படுக்கையில் ஓய்வு
நேர்மறை எண்ணம் வளர்க்கப்படுதல் வேண்டும்.
மனவுறுதியும் நம்பிக்கையும் அளிக்கப் பட்டால் கருச்சிதைவினால் ஏற்படும் பயம் மற்றும் மனச்சோர்விலிருந்து வெலிவரலாம்.

தொடர் கருச்சிதைவு(REPL)

தொடர் கருச்சிதைவு கருவுற்ற பெண்ணிற்கும், குடும்பத்தாருக்கும் மருத்துவருக்கும் மனம் தளரச் செய்யும் ஒரு நிகழ்வாகும்: இம்மாதிரி தொடர் கருச்சிதைவுகள் கருவுற்ற உடனேயே ஏற்படக்கூடியதாகவே பெரும்பாலும் இருக்கும்.

இதற்கான காரணங்கள்

மரபியல்
எதிர்ப்பு சக்தி கோளாறு
நாளமில்லா சுரப்பிகளின் கோளாறு
சுற்றுச்சூழல்
கிறுமி தொற்றுகள்
புரிபடாத காரணங்கள்

மேற்கூரிய காரணங்களால் விந்தணு மற்றும் கருமுட்டை உற்பத்தியில் பிரச்சனை ஏற்பட்டு கருவின் தரம் சரியில்லாமல் போவதால் கருச்சிதைவு ஏற்படுகிறது.